This informative article by Emily Brandon from Money Retirement at US News provides some helpful facts about having a 401(k) loan and the dangers that may accompany doing so.
It’s sometimes necessary for workers to borrow money from their 401(k) plan to pay for an emergency expense. Retirement savers are generally permitted to borrow as much as 50 percent of their vested 401(k) balance up to $50,000. However, it’s best if you use a 401(k) loan only as a last resort. Here’s why you should be cautious about taking a 401(k) loan:
[Read: 10 Trendy 401(k) Plan Perks.]
You may not be able to borrow much. Most, but not all, 401(k) plans permit loans. When they are allowed, you can borrow $50,000 from your 401(k) plan if you have a vested account balance of $100,000 or more. If you have less than that, you can only borrow up to half of your account balance. For example, if your account balance is $40,000, the maximum amount you can borrow from the account is $20,000. The amount you are eligible to borrow is further reduced if you had an outstanding loan from a 401(k) plan in the previous 12 months.
Most people borrow a small amount from their 401(k) plan. Fidelity says 10.6 percent of their 12.3 million retirement plan participants took out a new loan in the past year, borrowing an average of $9,000, and 22 percent have outstanding loans. The 18 percent of Vanguard 401(k) participants who had an outstanding loan in 2012 also owed an average of $9,000. (more…)